Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

Which symptom is characteristic of acute bronchitis?

1. Fever and wheezing

2. Purulent sputum and fever

3. Paroxysms of coughing that is dry or productive of mucoid sputum

4. A gradual onset and fatigue

The correct answer is: Paroxysms of coughing that is dry or productive of mucoid sputum

Acute bronchitis is primarily characterized by a cough that can be either dry or productive, often producing mucoid sputum. This symptom typically arises following a respiratory viral infection and is key in distinguishing acute bronchitis from other respiratory conditions. The cough can be persistent and may worsen at night, contributing to discomfort. The presence of paroxysms of coughing is notable because it highlights the irritation of the bronchial tubes. While fever and wheezing may occur in some cases, they are not as definitive for acute bronchitis as the cough is. Additionally, purulent sputum and significant fever can suggest a bacterial infection or pneumonia, which are not typical features of uncomplicated acute bronchitis. A gradual onset and fatigue might relate to other respiratory or systemic illnesses rather than the acute presentation seen in bronchitis. Overall, the combination of cough characteristics specifically defines the condition.