Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

What is a possible complication resulting from Bell's palsy?

1. Corneal ulceration

2. Acute glaucoma

3. Inability to swallow

4. Loss of sensation in the affected side

The correct answer is: Corneal ulceration

Bell's palsy can lead to corneal ulceration primarily due to the facial nerve's involvement in eyelid function. When the facial nerve is affected, it can result in weakness or paralysis of the muscles around the eye, leading to difficulty closing the eyelid fully. This incomplete eyelid closure can expose the cornea to environmental factors, reducing its lubrication and increasing the risk of damage. If the cornea becomes dry or injured due to this exposure, it can develop an ulcer, which is a serious complication that can impair vision if not properly treated. In contrast, while other options may seem plausible, they are not typically associated with Bell's palsy. Acute glaucoma relates to increased intraocular pressure and is not a direct consequence of facial nerve dysfunction. Similarly, while difficulty with swallowing can occur with certain neurological conditions, it is not a common complication directly linked to Bell's palsy. Loss of sensation on the affected side is also not a primary concern in Bell's palsy, as the condition primarily affects motor function rather than sensory pathways.