Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

What does the acronym TORCH represent in fetal infections?

1. Toxoplasma gondii, other infections, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes

2. Toxic shock syndrome, ocular infections, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes zoster

3. Tetanus, ophthalmic infections, roseola, cancer, and head abnormalities

4. Toxins, other infections, roseola, candidiasis, and head abnormalities

The correct answer is: Toxoplasma gondii, other infections, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes

The acronym TORCH is widely recognized in the context of fetal infections and refers to a group of infectious agents that are of particular concern during pregnancy due to their potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality in the fetus. Each component of the acronym represents a specific pathogen or category of infections: - Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that can be transmitted through undercooked meat, contaminated water, or cat feces. It's known to cause congenital infections that can lead to serious complications like neurological damage. - Other infections include a variety of pathogens beyond the most common ones listed, such as syphilis and varicella. - Rubella is a virus that can lead to congenital rubella syndrome, which can cause birth defects, cardiac issues, and developmental delays. - Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the herpesvirus family that can be asymptomatic in the mother but can result in serious complications for the fetus, such as hearing loss and developmental disabilities. - Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can be transmitted during delivery and may lead to severe infections in newborns. By understanding the components represented in TORCH, healthcare providers can focus on screening, prevention, and treatment strategies during pregnancy to mitigate the risks associated with these infections