Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

In young primigravidas with pregnancy-induced hypertension, which finding is most likely?

1. Abdominal cramping and constipation

2. Edema of the face and the upper extremities

3. Shortness of breath

4. Dysuria and frequency

The correct answer is: Edema of the face and the upper extremities

In young primigravidas with pregnancy-induced hypertension, the most likely finding is edema of the face and the upper extremities. This symptom serves as a significant indicator of fluid retention, which is commonly seen in cases of hypertension during pregnancy, particularly when it begins to progress toward preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is characterized by elevated blood pressure and often includes the presence of edema, particularly in the hands and face. This reflects the body's response to the increased vascular resistance and potential changes in renal function associated with hypertension. The presence of facial and upper extremity edema is particularly noteworthy in young first-time mothers due to their risk profiles, as they may have a heightened physiological response to pregnancy-related changes. Understanding this concept is crucial for recognizing potential complications in pregnant patients and ensuring timely intervention and monitoring. Other symptoms listed, such as abdominal cramping, shortness of breath, and dysuria, may arise in different obstetric or medical contexts but do not specifically align with the hallmark features of pregnancy-induced hypertension as clearly as edema does.