Family Nurse Practitioner Exam

How many risk factors for coronary heart disease (CAD) does a 55-year-old woman with a BMI of 24, controlled hypertension, and a total cholesterol of 230 g/dl have?

1. 1 risk factor

2. 2 risk factors

3. 3 risk factors

4. 4 risk factors

The correct answer is: 3 risk factors

To determine the number of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CAD) related to the 55-year-old woman described, we can analyze her individual health metrics against recognized risk factors for CAD. 1. **Age**: Being a woman over the age of 55 places her at increased risk for CAD, as age is a significant non-modifiable risk factor. 2. **BMI**: A body mass index (BMI) of 24 is considered to fall within the normal range. While it is an important health metric, a normal BMI does not contribute as a risk factor for CAD. 3. **Controlled Hypertension**: While she has hypertension, it is described as controlled. Generally, uncontrolled hypertension is a recognized risk factor, but controlled hypertension may not contribute to an increased risk status. 4. **Cholesterol Levels**: A total cholesterol level of 230 mg/dl is elevated, categorizing it as borderline high. This level indicates a potential risk for CAD, especially considering the role of cholesterol in atherosclerosis. By combining these factors, the woman has one clear risk factor related to her age, and another related to her cholesterol levels. Thus, she has two identifiable risk factors for CAD. Therefore, the woman